🇵🇹 Portugal · Minho (Northern Region)

Caldo verdePortuguese kale soup

A Portuguese soup of potato purée with very finely shredded couve galega (Portuguese kale) and olive oil, served with a slice of chouriço or salpicao and traditionally with broa (corn bread).

Caldo verde (Portuguese kale soup)

Origin and history

A soup of the Minho, in northern Portugal. A study of the region's food heritage traces it to a 'caldo de unto do Minho' recorded by the cook Francisco Borges Henriques in the early 18th century; potatoes and olive oil came into it during the 19th century, giving the caldo verde known today. From the north it became a national dish, and in 2011 it was voted one of Portugal's Seven Wonders of Gastronomy.

Make it at home

Makes
6 servings
Total time
45 min
Hands-on
20 min

Ingredients

Units
  • 2 l8 1/2 cups water
  • 600 g1 1/3 lb floury potatoes, peeled, in chunks (3-4 medium)
  • 1 onion, peeled, quartered
  • 1-2 garlic cloves, optional
  • 2 tsp salt, plus more to taste
  • 100 mlscant 1/2 cup extra virgin olive oil, plus more for the bowls
  • 300 g10 oz couve galega (Portuguese cabbage), or collard greens or lacinato kale, thick ribs removed, leaves cut into hair-thin strips
  • 150 g5 oz chouriço de colorau (paprika-cured pork sausage) or salpicão, in thin slices
  • broa (Portuguese corn bread), to serve

Method

  1. 1. Put the potatoes, onion and garlic (if using) in a pot with the water, the salt and half the olive oil. Bring to the boil and simmer for about 20 minutes, until the potatoes break when pressed.

  2. 2. Meanwhile, roll the couve leaves into tight cigars and slice them across as finely as you can, into threads no wider than 2 mm. Rinse the threads in cold water and drain.

  3. 3. Purée the potatoes and onion in their water, with a stick blender or through a food mill, into a smooth broth. It should coat a spoon but stay pourable; add hot water if it is thicker than single cream.

  4. 4. Bring the broth back to a lively simmer and drop in the couve. Cook uncovered for 3-5 minutes, stirring once or twice, until the greens are tender but still bright green.

  5. 5. Add the remaining olive oil, taste for salt, and take the pot off the heat.

  6. 6. Ladle into bowls (traditionally clay malgas), lay one or two slices of chouriço in each, add a thin thread of raw olive oil and serve with broa.

Notes

  • The two things that make caldo verde are the very fine cut of the couve (Portuguese markets sell it ready shredded for the soup) and the short cooking that keeps it green. Couve galega is a loose-leaf, non-heading cabbage; collard greens are the closest substitute, lacinato kale is darker and more bitter.
  • The base is a light potato purée, not a thick cream. The everyday Minho version is just potato, onion, couve, salt and olive oil; garlic is common but optional.
  • The chouriço can be laid raw in the bowl, warmed for a minute in the soup, or simmered in the broth from the start, which colours and flavours it. Some cooks fry the slices briefly.
  • The oldest form of the soup was seasoned with unto (cured pork fat) rather than olive oil; some country cooks in the north still use it.
  • Caldo verde is the soup of Portuguese festivities: it is served at weddings, birthdays and popular celebrations, often as a late-night supper, and Irivo (Penafiel) holds a Festival do Caldo Verde.
  • The potato broth can be made ahead and kept for two days. Shred and cook the couve only when reheating, so it stays green.
  • Related: Galician caldo gallego (with beans and turnip greens) and the Brazilian caldo de mandioca.

Adapted from Maria de Lourdes Modesto recipe archive, Associação de Cozinheiros Profissionais de Portugal (Caldo verde, Entre Douro e Minho) and Anabela Ramos, "Caldo de unto do Minho", in Referencial Gastronómico do Minho (Universidade de Coimbra, 2021).

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