🇵🇱 Poland
RosółPolish chicken soup
A clear, slowly simmered Polish meat broth, most often chicken, made with root vegetables and typically served with thin noodles.
Origin and history
Rosół is Poland's best-loved broth. The oldest surviving written recipe for a 'Polish rosół' is in Stanisław Czarniecki's Compendium Ferculorum of 1682, the first Polish cookbook. For centuries a dish of noble tables, it spread to every class and became the centre of the Sunday dinner, wedding feasts and sickbed care. The Wilanów Palace Museum began research on the rosół tradition in Poland, a first step toward a national intangible-heritage listing and a later UNESCO bid.
Make it at home
- Makes
- 6 servings
- Total time
- 3 h 45 min
- Hands-on
- 30 min
Ingredients
- 1.5-2 kg3.3-4.4 lb boiling hen (kura rosołowa) or free-range chicken, cut in pieces; or 1.5 kg (3.3 lb) legs, wings and backs
- 300 g10 oz beef brisket (szponder) or shank, optional, for a deeper broth
- 3 l12 3/4 cups cold water
- 3 carrots, peeled
- 2 parsley roots (pietruszka) or small parsnips, peeled
- 150 g5 oz celeriac (celery root), peeled, in one piece
- 1 leek, white and pale green part, washed
- 1 onion, unpeeled, halved
- 1 wedge (about 100 g)1 wedge (about 3.5 oz) savoy cabbage, optional
- 1 tsp black peppercorns
- 4 allspice berries (ziele angielskie)
- 2 bay leaves
- 1 small bunch lovage (lubczyk) and flat-leaf parsley, or 1 tsp dried lovage
- 1 tbsp salt, adjust at the end
- 250 g9 oz thin egg noodles (makaron nitki)
- 2 tbsp chopped parsley, to serve
Method
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1. Rinse the hen and the beef, put them in a large pot and cover with the cold water.
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2. Bring slowly to the boil over medium heat. As soon as it boils, skim off all the foam, then turn the heat down until the surface barely trembles.
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3. Simmer, partly covered, for 1 hour. From now on do not stir and do not let it boil, or the broth will turn cloudy.
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4. Meanwhile, char the cut sides of the onion directly over a gas flame or in a dry heavy pan until blackened.
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5. Add the carrots, parsley roots, celeriac, leek, charred onion, cabbage if using, and the peppercorns, allspice and bay leaves to the pot.
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6. Keep the broth at a bare simmer for another 2 hours, until the meat is falling from the bones and the broth is deep golden.
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7. Add the lovage and parsley and the salt and simmer for 30 minutes more.
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8. Lift out the meat and vegetables carefully. Pour the broth through a fine sieve lined with muslin or a clean cloth. Taste and adjust the salt.
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9. Cook the noodles separately in salted boiling water according to the packet, and drain. Cooking them in the broth would cloud it.
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10. Slice the carrots into coins. Put a portion of noodles and a few carrot slices in each bowl, ladle the hot broth over and sprinkle with parsley. Serve the meat on the side or as a second course.
Notes
- Clarity is the mark of a good rosół: start in cold water, skim well, never boil and never stir. If it clouds anyway, chill it, whisk in two egg whites, heat it slowly while stirring until they set into a raft, and strain through cloth.
- Meat: a mature boiling hen (rosół z kury) gives the richest, most golden broth; a younger chicken (rosół z kurczaka) is quicker and lighter. Mixed meats are prized: rosół królewski ('royal') is made from three kinds of meat and rosół myśliwski ('hunter's') from game. Pork is usually avoided because it clouds the broth.
- Rosół dworski z kapłona, a manor-house broth of capon from the native green-legged partridge hen, served with home-made egg noodles or poured dumplings, is on Poland's List of Traditional Products.
- Garnish: thin noodles are the classic; poured dumplings (lane kluski), semolina dumplings, rice or boiled potatoes are also served. A dried mushroom or an unpeeled garlic clove in the pot are common family additions.
- Sunday custom: rosół is the soup of the Polish Sunday dinner. Leftover broth traditionally becomes the next day's tomato soup (pomidorowa), and the meat fills pierogi, croquettes or paszteciki.
- Make-ahead: strain and cool the broth quickly. It keeps 4 days in the fridge (it sets to a light jelly) and freezes for months. Keep the noodles separate.
Adapted from Kwestia Smaku, "Rosół", Polonist, "Rosół: Polish Chicken Soup with Noodles", and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Poland), List of Traditional Products: "Rosół dworski z kapłona".
Variants
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Rosół dworski z kapłona
Manor-house capon broth
Masovia
A manor-house rosół of capon and hens of the native green-legged partridge breed with local vegetables, clear with small eyes of fat and setting to a jelly when cold, served with home-made egg noodles, semolina or poured dumplings at weddings and holidays.
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Rosół królewski
Polish royal broth
'Royal' rosół: a clear broth made from three kinds of meat, usually beef or veal, a white bird (hen, turkey or chicken) and a dark bird such as duck or goose, with root vegetables, served with fine noodles.
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Rosół myśliwski
Polish game broth
'Hunter's' rosół: the clear Polish broth made from game (pheasant, partridge, venison or other game) with root vegetables, served with fine noodles.
At the festivals
Served at 2 festivals in Poland and United States.
Earlier editions
- August 30, 2026
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November 19, 2023
🇺🇸 Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
PACIM Soup Festival